Definition
What Is an HTS Code?
An HTS code (Harmonized Tariff Schedule code) is a 10-digit number used by US Customs and Border Protection to classify every product imported into the United States. It determines the applicable duty rate, any trade remedy treatment (Section 301, IEEPA, AD/CVD), and statistical reporting requirements.
How the 10 digits are built
Digits 1–2 identify the chapter (e.g., 62 = articles of apparel, not knitted). Digits 3–4 identify the heading within the chapter. Digits 5–6 are the subheading — these first six digits are internationally harmonized under the World Customs Organization's Harmonized System and are the same in all participating countries. Digits 7–8 are the US-specific tariff rate line. Digits 9–10 are the statistical suffix used for trade reporting.
Why the full 10 digits matter
A US customs entry requires the complete 10-digit code, not a 4-digit heading or 6-digit international subheading. Different 10-digit codes within the same heading can carry materially different duty rates and have different Section 301 treatment. A supplier's foreign 6- or 8-digit HS code matches the first digits of a US HTS code but typically does not match the final digits — always validate against the US schedule before filing entry.
Who maintains the schedule
The HTS is published by the US International Trade Commission (USITC) and updated annually with revisions issued throughout the year. The 2026 edition contains 35,571 individual tariff provisions. The official source is the USITC HTS database; the same data is available via search tools that overlay Section 301, IEEPA, and AD/CVD status.
How a code is assigned
Classification follows the General Rules of Interpretation (GRIs) in order. GRI 1 — terms of the headings and section/chapter notes — disposes of most products. GRIs 2–4 handle composite goods, sets, mixtures, and unfinished articles. GRI 6 applies the same logic at the subheading level. CBP issues binding rulings that lock in classification for a specific product before importation; rulings are searchable in the CROSS database.
Consequences of using the wrong code
CBP can audit entries up to 5 years after importation. Underpayments accrue interest plus penalties of 20%–40% under negligence; intentional misclassification can trigger penalties of up to 4× the unpaid duty under fraud. Voluntary disclosure under 19 CFR § 162.74 reduces penalties dramatically — but only if filed before CBP initiates an inquiry.
Frequently asked questions
- Is an HTS code the same as an HS code?
- Not exactly. The HS (Harmonized System) code is the international 6-digit standard used by 200+ countries. The HTS code is the US 10-digit extension — the first 6 digits match the HS code, while digits 7–10 are US-specific subdivisions.
- What is the difference between an HTS code and a Schedule B code?
- Both are 10-digit US codes built on the same 6-digit HS subheading foundation. HTS codes are used for **imports** into the US (maintained by USITC). Schedule B codes are used for **exports** from the US (maintained by the US Census Bureau).
- How do I find the right HTS code for a product?
- Three options: (1) search the USITC schedule directly; (2) check CBP's CROSS database for prior binding rulings on similar products; (3) use an AI classification tool that applies the General Rules of Interpretation systematically. For high-volume or borderline products, file a binding ruling request to lock in the classification with CBP before shipment.
- How current is the HTS schedule?
- The schedule is published annually by USITC. The 2026 edition is current and contains 35,571 tariff provisions. Section 301 and IEEPA overlays are administered separately and can change more frequently.
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Related in-depth guides
Longer-form articles that go deeper than the definition above.